Cofactor and Process Engineering for Nicotinamide Recycling and Retention in Intensified Biocatalysis

There is currently considerable interest in the intensification of biocatalytic processes to reduce cost goods for biocatalytically produced chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and advanced pharmaceutical intermediates. Continuous-flow biocatalysis shows promise as a method process intensification; however, reliance some reactions on use diffusible cofactors (such nicotinamide cofactors) has proven be technical barrier key enzyme classes. This minireview covers attempts overcome this limitation, cofactor recapture recycling retention chemically modified cofactors. For latter, we also consider state science modification, field reinvigorated by current continuous-flow biocatalysis.